Python+unittest+requests+excel实现接口自动化测试框架

环境：python3 + unittest + requests

Excel管理测试用例， HTMLTestRunner生成测试报告 测试完成后邮件发送测试报告 jsonpath方式做预期结果数据处理，后期多样化处理 后期扩展，CI持续集成

发送邮件效果：

项目整体结构：

common模块代码

class IsInstance: def get_instance(self, value, check): flag = None if isinstance(value, str): if check == value:flag = True else:flag = False elif isinstance(value, float): if value - float(check) == 0:flag = True else:flag = False elif isinstance(value, int): if value - int(check) == 0:flag = True else:flag = False return flag

# logger.py import loggingimport timeimport os class MyLogging: def __init__(self): timestr = time.strftime(’%Y%m%d%H%M%S’, time.localtime(time.time())) lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), ’../logs’)) filename = lib_path + ’/’ + timestr + ’.log’ # 日志文件的地址 self.logger = logging.getLogger() # 定义对应的程序模块名name，默认为root self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 必须设置，这里如果不显示设置，默认过滤掉warning之前的所有级别的信息 sh = logging.StreamHandler() # 日志输出到屏幕控制台 sh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 设置日志等级 fh = logging.FileHandler(filename=filename) # 向文件filename输出日志信息 fh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 设置日志等级 # 设置格式对象 formatter = logging.Formatter( '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d]%(levelname)s - %(message)s') # 定义日志输出格式 # 设置handler的格式对象 sh.setFormatter(formatter) fh.setFormatter(formatter) # 将handler增加到logger中 self.logger.addHandler(sh) self.logger.addHandler(fh) if __name__ == '__main__': log = MyLogging().logger log.debug('debug') log.info('info') log.warning('warning') log.error('error') log.critical('critical')

# operate_excel.pyimport xlrdfrom xlrd import xldate_as_tupleimport openpyxlimport datetime class ExcelData(): def __init__(self, file_path, sheet_name): self.file_path = file_path self.sheet_name = sheet_name self.workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_path) # 获取工作表的内容 self.table = self.workbook.sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) # 获取第一行内容 self.keys = self.table.row_values(0) # 获取行数 self.rowNum = self.table.nrows # 获取列数 self.colNum = self.table.ncols def readExcel(self): datas = [] for i in range(1, self.rowNum): sheet_data = [] for j in range(self.colNum):# 获取单元格类型c_type = self.table.cell(i, j).ctype# 获取单元格数据c_cell = self.table.cell_value(i, j)if c_type == 2 and c_cell % 1 == 0: c_cell = int(c_cell)elif c_type == 3: date = datetime.datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(c_cell, 0)) c_cell = date.strftime(’%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S’)elif c_type == 4: c_cell = True if c_cell == 1 else False# sheet_data[self.keys[j]] = c_cell # 字典sheet_data.append(c_cell) datas.append(sheet_data) return datas def write(self, rowNum, colNum, result): workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.file_path) table = workbook.get_sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) table = workbook.active # rows = table.max_row # cols = table.max_column # values = [’E’,’X’,’C’,’E’,’L’] # for value in values: # table.cell(rows + 1, 1).value = value # rows = rows + 1 # 指定单元格中写入数据 table.cell(rowNum, colNum, result) workbook.save(self.file_path) if __name__ == ’__main__’: file_path = 'D:python_data接口自动化测试.xlsx' sheet_name = '测试用例' data = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name) datas = data.readExcel() print(datas) print(type(datas)) for i in datas: print(i) # data.write(2,12,'哈哈')

# send_email.pyfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.header import Headerfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom config import read_email_configimport smtplib def send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names=list()): # 获取邮件相关信息 smtp_server = read_email_config.smtp_server port = read_email_config.port user_name = read_email_config.user_name password = read_email_config.password sender = read_email_config.sender receiver = read_email_config.receiver # 定义邮件内容 msg = MIMEMultipart() body = MIMEText(mail_body, _subtype='html', _charset='utf-8') msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') msg['From'] = user_name msg['To'] = receiver msg.attach(body) # 附件:附件名称用英文 for file_name in file_names: att = MIMEText(open(file_name, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8') att['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream' att['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename=’%s’' % (file_name) msg.attach(att) # 登录并发送邮件 try: smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(smtp_server) smtp.login(user_name, password) smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver.split(’,’), msg.as_string()) except Exception as e: print(e) print('邮件发送失败！') else: print('邮件发送成功！') finally: smtp.quit() if __name__ == ’__main__’: subject = '测试标题' mail_body = '测试本文' receiver = '780156051@qq.com,hb_zhijun@163.com' # 接收人邮件地址 用逗号分隔 file_names = [r’D:PycharmProjectsAutoTestresult2020-02-23 13_38_41report.html’] send_email(subject, mail_body, receiver, file_names)

# send_request.py import requestsimport json class RunMethod: # post请求 def do_post(self, url, data, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data) return res.json() # get请求 def do_get(self, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data) return res.json() def run_method(self, method, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if method == 'POST' or method == 'post': res = self.do_post(url, data, headers) else: res = self.do_get(url, data, headers) return res

config模块

# coding:utf-8# 邮件配置信息 [mysqlconf]host = 127.0.0.1port = 3306user = rootpassword = rootdb = test

# coding:utf-8# 邮箱配置信息# email_config.ini [email]smtp_server = smtp.qq.comport = 465sender = 780***51@qq.compassword = hrpk******bafuser_name = 780***51@qq.comreceiver = 780***51@qq.com,h***n@163.com

# coding:utf-8from pymysql import connect, cursorsfrom pymysql.err import OperationalErrorimport osimport configparser # read_db_config.py # 读取DB配数据# os.path.realpath(__file__)：返回当前文件的绝对路径# os.path.dirname()： 返回（）所在目录cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, 'db_config.ini') # 路径拼接：/config/db_config.iniconf = configparser.ConfigParser()conf.read(configPath, encoding='UTF-8') host = conf.get('mysqlconf', 'host')port = conf.get('mysqlconf', 'port ')user = conf.get('mysqlconf', 'user')password = conf.get('mysqlconf', 'password')port = conf.get('mysqlconf', 'port')

# coding:utf-8import osimport configparser# 读取邮件数据# os.path.realpath(__file__)：返回当前文件的绝对路径# os.path.dirname()： 返回（）所在目录 # read_email_config.py cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 当前文件的所在目录configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, 'email_config.ini') # 路径拼接：/config/email_config.iniconf = configparser.ConfigParser()conf.read(configPath, encoding=’UTF-8’) # 读取/config/email_config.ini 的内容 # get(section,option) 得到section中option的值，返回为string类型smtp_server = conf.get('email', 'smtp_server')sender = conf.get('email', 'sender')user_name = conf.get('email','user_name')password = conf.get('email', 'password')receiver = conf.get('email', 'receiver')port = conf.get('email', 'port')

testcase模块

# test_case.py from common.operate_excel import *import unittestfrom parameterized import parameterizedfrom common.send_request import RunMethodimport jsonfrom common.logger import MyLoggingimport jsonpathfrom common.is_instance import IsInstancefrom HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunnerimport osimport time lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../data'))file_path = lib_path + '/' + '接口自动化测试.xlsx' # excel的地址sheet_name = '测试用例'log = MyLogging().logger def getExcelData(): list = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).readExcel() return list class TestCase(unittest.TestCase): @parameterized.expand(getExcelData()) def test_api(self, rowNumber, caseRowNumber, testCaseName, priority, apiName, url, method, parmsType, data, checkPoint, isRun, result): if isRun == 'Y' or isRun == 'y': log.info('【开始执行测试用例：{}】'.format(testCaseName)) headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} data = json.loads(data) # 字典对象转换为json字符串 c = checkPoint.split(',') log.info('用例设置检查点：%s' % c) print('用例设置检查点：%s' % c) log.info('请求url：%s' % url) log.info('请求参数：%s' % data) r = RunMethod() res = r.run_method(method, url, data, headers) log.info('返回结果：%s' % res) flag = None for i in range(0, len(c)):checkPoint_dict = {}checkPoint_dict[c[i].split(’=’)[0]] = c[i].split(’=’)[1]# jsonpath方式获取检查点对应的返回数据list = jsonpath.jsonpath(res, c[i].split(’=’)[0])value = list[0]check = checkPoint_dict[c[i].split(’=’)[0]]log.info('检查点数据{}：{},返回数据：{}'.format(i + 1, check, value))print('检查点数据{}：{},返回数据：{}'.format(i + 1, check, value))# 判断检查点数据是否与返回的数据一致flag = IsInstance().get_instance(value, check) if flag:log.info('【测试结果：通过】')ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, 'Pass') else:log.info('【测试结果：失败】')ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, 'Fail') # 断言 self.assertTrue(flag, msg='检查点数据与实际返回数据不一致') else: unittest.skip('不执行') if __name__ == ’__main__’: # unittest.main() # Alt+Shift+f10 执行生成报告 # 报告样式1 suite = unittest.TestSuite() suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestCase)) now = time.strftime(’%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S’) report_path = r'D:PycharmProjectsAutoTestresultreport.html' with open(report_path, 'wb') as f: runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f,, description='测试用例执行情况', verbosity=2) runner.run(suite)

用例执行文件

import osimport timeimport unittestfrom HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunnerfrom common.send_email import send_email # run_case.py # 获取当前py文件绝对路径cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 1: 加载测试用例def all_test(): case_path = os.path.join(cur_path, 'testcase') suite = unittest.TestLoader().discover(start_dir=case_path, pattern='test_*.py', top_level_dir=None) return suite # 2: 执行测试用例def run(): now = time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S') # 测试报告路径 file_name = os.path.join(cur_path, 'report') + '/' + now + '-report.html' f = open(file_name, 'wb') runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f,, description='环境：windows 10 浏览器：chrome', tester='wangzhijun') runner.run(all_test()) f.close() # 3: 获取最新的测试报告def get_report(report_path): list = os.listdir(report_path) list.sort(key=lambda x: os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(report_path, x))) print('测试报告：', list[-1]) report_file = os.path.join(report_path, list[-1]) return report_file # 4: 发送邮件def send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names): # 读取测试报告内容，作为邮件的正文内容 with open(report_file, 'rb') as f: mail_body = f.read() send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names) if __name__ == '__main__': run() report_path = os.path.join(cur_path, 'report') # 测试报告路径 report_file = get_report(report_path) # 测试报告文件 subject = 'Esearch接口测试报告' # 邮件主题 file_names = [report_file] # 邮件附件 # 发送邮件 send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names)

data:

report:

logs:

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